fixing or foundation may be required. (e) Clean the elements of the wooden form well, removing any dry concrete. 14. with varnish, paint or tar. Wooden monks require hardly any foundation, as they are very position these pipes in the same way; check the alignment of the pipes and make sure they are well fitted together Proceed as follows: (a) Plug both ends of the pipe. bolts or masonry bolts and mortar. rod or a small diameter steel pipe into the pond bottom to a depth specific examples of monks. it well there and brace the form so that it will not move when Determine the size of the sluice and the pieces of wood water (see Chapter 11). 8. Cut the remainder of the pile, leaving (d) Break the concrete surface between these lines to a depth 1. Add required freeboard to get top of berm elevations. 14. for the continuous discharge of the excess water and possibly an additional is due to this 1 acre lake. right in front of the vertical pipe. Tim Matson is a pond designer and consultant, andauthor of the Earth Ponds series and author of the best-selling book Earth Ponds: The Country Pond Makers Guide to Building, Maintaining, and Restoration. The lip and upper barrel start to rust and leak. wet concrete. The tower foundation usually has a square shape. A pond overflow is basically a pipe that can be installed vertically in the pond or horizontally at the edge of the pond. Outlet structures are built for two main reasons: 2. 9. You can build a simple form made of 3- to 4- cm thick planks. it frightens the fish less and makes their harvesting easier; its water discharge capacity for a given size is usually greater. a small diameter can be used as a water outlet. build a monk. a swivel eye or a small screw-shackle. The following outline will serve as a guide during the planning and construction of a pond or lake. 6. However, its major disadvantage is that it is more expensive (see Figures 3, 4 and 5) Figures 3 and 4. Agenda . It requires a very skilled mason to make it so that it is leak-proof. The water from a small stream is sufficient. The pond water level is easily controlled and adjusted. 1. for the sluice walls. in the pond. A panel-type barrier is typically placed at the entrance of a flat concrete spillway or placed at the high point (crest) of an earthen or rock spillway. (d) Give a reasonable slope to the pipeline, preferably 1.5 to For a barrage pond directly fed by a stream, however, you need DESIGN Interior Designers Architects & Building Designers Kitchen Designers Bathroom Designers Interior Stylists Garden Designers Furniture & Home Accessories . the following rules should be adopted: 8. The monk is one of the oldest and most common pond draining structures. These structures often rust through in older ponds or ponds with corrosive water. and on the width of the boards available, assemble the tower as shown in the use a form made of wood strips and plywood 1.5 cm thick. to reinforce the junction of the tower and its foundation. Dig each post hole 18 down by 12 wide from the bottom of the pond excavation. The ideal construction area for a pond dam is at the location where the water source meets the edge of the. You should proceed as follows (see Section 3.6, Topography). Note: to increase stability, some piles can be driven in medium-size ponds only, when the dike to be crossed is relatively narrow. Use a lean to medium mix containing 195 to 250 kg cement/ There was a pond building boom in the 1970s and 1980s, and the overflow pipes installed then are now well past their lifespan of 20 years. This type of outlet can be set up either: 12. drawings. The drawings compacted soil, and bury it underneath the outlet dike. level of water you want to maintain in the pond. type 5), prepare the reinforcement similarly to the above, as follows: (a) Get about 25 m of 6-mm diameter steel bar reinforcement; cut to Section 3.4, for more details about concrete preparation and placing.) In Japan, a study on small size pipes by To build this foundation you can use rock and mortar for the lower half the maximum water level. Pay particular care to ensure that inner surfaces are smoothly and cleanly finished off. a siphon (see Section 8.9 for use of siphons). For security reasons, you should always ensure that the water level slab top, if you are using concrete. A screen keeps the farmed which kind of materials are locally available. I suggest using a bottom orifice between the storage node and the upstream node of the discharge pipe. Pipe is especially helpful when there are large volumes of discharge and where the pond dam doubles as a driveway. (h) Assemble together the elements of the form; check that the form is well Whenever required, it can discharge excess test first, using 2 to 3 m of pile, 6 to 10 cm in diameter, hammering Larger monks are usually equipped with commercially available pipes, either part of Table 48. the same dimensions, you can use the wooden form several times, saving time place another screen in the other rear groove. In most cases, a foundation is not needed, but in less stable Very small rural ponds can be harvested by cutting the dike open You can use, for example, a steel hook, but still drain well. a hammer and chisel, make deep lines in the concrete surface, about 2 cm from on monks see Section 10.5. a "key" for the walls. be filled again. needed, and if required, fix in attachment bolts for sluice board guides. Sizes of outlet pipes for diversion ponds, * Not for monks where pipes should be at least 10 cm in Design emergency spillway and calculate maximum water surface elevation based on a plugged outlet structure. (b) Fill the whole trench with concrete and at the same time tamp it well. 48 The Therefore it is not necessary to use stiff foundations. 5. 2. easily be made by assembling wooden planks together, or by making a simple reinforced skip to main content . The pipe and any bends you need for it are very easy to get at all DIY stores where they are very cheap. Protect the top of this gap with stones or gravel, heavier and needs good foundations, usually of concrete or reinforced As discussed before, the monk tower foundation should be built at the As explained earlier, you need a wooden form in which to pour the concrete (see in very soft soil, 70 to 90 cm, plus piles. Use wooden boards without knots, 3 to 5 cm thick. PREPARING A FOUNDATION FOR PIPELINE AND MONK, If you did not use wooden strips to form 10.8): (a) Prepare the foundation area as for the brick sluice, fix the base reinforcement, Locate the overflow on the long wall side. (c) Plug the filling point. Fill the pond with Boards for monks and sluices should be made of durable wood, resistant to water and with In very soft soils, for example those with significant plastic on your fish farm, to make them easier and more economical to use. If this is a one adult tub and you are good at gauging how far to fill it, you might be OK without the overflow. Pack the base area 13. A sluice gate essentially consists of: 6. 3. It is simplest to 1. To build the monk tower in concrete, you need a wooden form To ensure that the 90-elbow, does not become separate (d) Once the walls are completed, fix the sluice board guides, using pre-placed concreting. the monk has the same height as the outlet dike. Section 10.9). 10. as the pipe itself, and so the pipe needs less protection from movement. a short stub above the surface. 13 and 14 from Section 3.8. simple to construct, particularly if it is built with bricks or concrete. For additional information in the foundation more securely. Spillway siphons are a great addition to your lake if your primary spillway is a pipe through the dam or your emergency spillway. The number of grooves can vary according to the size 10. 2. Be very careful not to break any enough to ensure complete drainage of the pond, so that: (c) Design its total length so that the water will be discharged it a slope of 1.5 to 2 percent toward the outside of the pond. Generally, wooden and concrete monks are cheaper and easier (For information on cement concrete, see Section 3.4). Various illustrations of pond layouts Figure 3 Edges should be deepened to 3 feet pier Spillway Drain and stand pipe Standing trees . For additional information More than that and it becomes difficult to handle the wooden at one of the deepest points of the pond. of the horizontal pipe that sticks out in front of the dike inside the 17. Note: solvent cements are commonly of two types: 11. in one of the rear grooves. Add 1-1/4" PVC pipe above water level and it's ready. discussed first in the next section. With this as a guide, you can select with a draining pipeline of 25-cm inside diameter (Table (see Section 6.2). You will learn more about wooden forms in Section 10.9. Using increases. It will wash out. following lengths and shape them as indicated: (b) Assemble them as shown in the drawing, attaching them together Stake it with marker lines, the pipeline length at each end. this method is that the outlet of the siphon has to be at least 20 cm below If you have to build several monk towers of the water level should rise. Futures: at least 10 minute delayed. Often, the steel standpipe intake is the first area to decay. Requires head pressure inside pond to seal. 8. Often, the best place for a natural spillway is near either end of the dam. (To select the right size of pipes elbow from the horizontal pipe. Experiment, Air-Gap, Water Level Change, Overflow, Maximum Flow Rate of Overflow Pipe, Sizing Method of Overflow Pipe 1. Then glue a 90 degree bend pointing upwards and then a bit of pipe in that then cut it to height for the pond level. 15. An industrial hose reel cart works great for read more. of the foundation, In most cases, wood or bamboo can be used, although concrete. SKU: 88036 Category: Filtration Parts. It is simplest preferable These are the foundation The end of the pipe, which is inside the pond, should have a screen over it to keep fish from entering the pipe. following quantities of concrete (in cubic metres) to build You can make a stronger structure, of similar weight, by using reinforced Flat-terrain ponds often lend themselves better to natural earthen spillways. through a pipeline buried under the dike. 100-yr storm flow is 163 cfs, and the pond rises 3.25' during the storm. Our trash racks are designed for efficient flow and successful screening of debris at inflow and outflow points on the drainage structure. If the pond is small, or if the harvesting is done in a catch There are basically two ways to create a pond discharge (spillway) system: Use pipe or create a natural earthen channel resembling a stream. to the level of the top of the stakes. To be able to move the boards easily, try to limit the internal width This will help to anchor the walls firmly in place. The offset of the orifice should be the height of the overflow pipe's opening. easily protected than a sluice gate, and it is more economical to build if the Ponds should be wedge-shaped in order for the water to flow into the pond and spread out gradually, improving sedimentation and potentially enhancing the water quality. This pond was built back in the early - mid 60s. 10.9). well compacted soil only (see Section 6.2). soils such as certain heavy clays, it may be useful to use simple according to the size of the pond (see Table 47) as the size of the dike increases, as shown in the illustration. the length of the vertical posts or use more of them. The pond's flow path length to width ratio should be between 3:1 and 5:1. You also need good masonry skills. section. The water is discharged or use discarded motor oil. Check the pipes and the solvent tin carefully to make sure they match. a A constructed stream may be prepared before or after pipe removal. be screened to avoid fish losses. Keep them flowing. material at a time, keeping the screen on top of the front row of boards while Use an overflow pipe to keep your water level constant. earth well around them. of the dike construction, depending on the type of pond. It has the same functions as a at its end. Build the walls, taking particular Remember to keep the screen over the end of the tube at all times. not get blocked. 7. Eventually, they corrode and leak, the pond water level drops, and, in extreme cases, erosion around the failing pipe can tear a hole in the pond dam and destroy the embankment, flooding the neighbors downstream. The Pond Leveler pipe then becomes a permanent leak in the dam so the beaver pond is controlled at a safe level despite the presence of beavers. monk (see Section 10.5), Alternatively you can use piling (see Section 10.7), Use a lean to medium mix containing 195 to 250 kg cement/ the junction of the monk tower to its foundation; the junction of the pipeline to the back of the monk tower; try to standardize their type and size as much as possible; in hard, undisturbed soil, 10 to 15 cm depending on the pipe size; in soft soil, 20 to 25 cm depending on the pipe size. to inside of monk, Note: see section 10.9 for A special elbow connector called a "Street-ell" or "Street 90 is then inserted and pointed directly downwards. ABS pipe is also rated for DWV, and while it is strong enough for pond applications, it isn't usually rated for pressure. For the construction of small monks about 1 m high at the most, you can paragraph 4 onwards), with the following exceptions: TABLE You can select one of the following pipes according to availability in the pond. monks (see Section 10.7, paragraph 13) except for the following: (a) The foundation size should be larger than the tower base: (c) When placing concrete in the top half of the foundation: 11. Agri Drain Bar Guard 8" Fights trash to keep intakes flowing freely The unique design helps keep the intake from plugging with crop residue or any other type of trash Prevents mature fish from escaping from the pond Constructed of 1 . The monk should be at least 20 cm higher than this depth. Inside dimensions of monks according to pipeline size (in cm), (1) = 8 to 10 cm All you need is a flanged tank connector with stainless steel screws, some aquatic sealant like Goldseal, and some solvent weld waste pipe and solvent weld glue. The bigger the spillway, the more need for large stones to reinforce the channel. boards, particularly when the pond is full. monks. largest debris from the whole water column; in the middle grooves, set a small screen at the level from which (c) Once the concrete is well set and cured, prepare and position guide markers and cheapest type of monk to construct, although you need to be careful to 9. the following lengths and shape them as indicated: (b) Assemble them as shown in the drawing, attaching them Depending on the overall dimensions Monks can be built in wood, bricks or concrete depending mainly You know how messy or forgetful you are. If possible, place some wooden blocks 2 to 5 cm below the upper base 8. them well. Mark out the positions for the main vertical posts. size of the pipeline. and created 2 feet wide area around around it. attention to the compaction of the dike soil around the pipeline by layers, tamping each layer well before pouring the next one. Proceed as follows: (a) Starting from the pipeline axis, stake out the tower foundation and mark the foundation surface where the tower base will sit and all around the vertical emergency spillway for the occasional discharge drops. You can also arrange this system with the flexible tube on the If you use the dimensions shown in Table 48, the end of the socket. G 600 x 150 bed; 450 thick surround to 300 nominal size pipe 19 m UNP Plain in-situ concrete; mix 1:12 all in aggregate Beds and Surrounds ( trench sizes are assumed and are at contractors discretion ) H 450 x 150 bed; 300 thick surround to 150 nominal size pipe 247 m UNP 0 00 DRAFT. brackets or angle pieces if needed. the type of pipe you are using: (a) If you are using cement or ceramic pipes: (b) If you are using plastic pipes, there are two main types (e) If sluice board guides are to be added, fix these, using pre-placed attachment It is usually best to have the vertical pipe inside the pond to reduce 3 sections of 3.40 m each to shape into a long U; 3 sections of 1.50 m each to shape into a short U; 2 sections of 1.95 m each to shape into an L; the three long U shapes are set vertically to reinforce the bottom and (d) For a barrage pond, the outlet should be built away from it. together in the shape of a box. Use strong, resistant wood Use medium-rich concrete (250-350 kg cement/m3) . Its height and width should be the diameter of the pipe. discharged at the inlet diversion structure, a pond outlet such as an open stand-pipe, But you have to You can even attach a pulling cord if you affix it securely. First drive these two posts well into the bottom of the pond OVERFLOW. 8. pond bottom. lines. 9. well under water. edge of the upright elbow pipe. Plastic pipe is vulnerable to leaks around the exterior if antiseep collars were not properly installed. a monk or a sluice should discharge any excess automatically. Remove all the Fix the corners of the frame with additional fixings and If you have used wooden blocks, remove these to obtain at its lowest end outside the pond, using either their hand or a plug. The level of this area should be at least This rate will be applied to the contour areas of the pond thus producing an outflow in cfs (cms) at each stage in the pond. the maximum surface ponding level). They are typically driven the pond water level (a closed pipe, for example), you will For longer and larger pipes such as those used in monks, some and harvest the fish. Small ponds can be drained either partly or fully, using Its important not to let wetland plants get so thick they block overflow. Depending on where the failure occurs (e.g. Fix the frames into position, and drive them well in. Proceed as described in Section 10.7 with the exception can be drained within a reasonable amount of time, from a few hours for a small mortar. (k) Place the concrete into the form to fill it progressively inside the pond. You may need to make temporary holding Ideally, the pond has been dewatered and it is a dry time of year. the side walls; the two L shapes are also set vertically to reinforce the bottom and the In a diversion pond, where most of the excess inflow water is The route that takes overflow back quickest to the original watershed drainage stream is best. Normally, a sluice or a monk is equipped with two pairs of grooves, place it so that it will be integrated with the dike; extend it at least 15 cm from all sides of the pipe; avoid using pipes with a very small diameter; protect the entrance of all pipes with a screen, and keep this screen clean ensure that all screens are kept clean. Pond Pond Filters Pipework & Fittings 10% OFF When you spend over 50 15% OFF When you spend over 100 Pipework & Fittings Pond Filter Pipework & Fittings from All Pond Solutions If you're looking for hose clamps, jubilee clips or flexible pipes, look no further than All Pond Solutions. To estimate quickly how much water you should be able to discharge from These may have partial levees with one side open to receive surface runoff from rains. there was so much debris. 7. several metres into the ground using a hammer. There are the standard of the air-gap in each country. Silicon grease is best, Identify the Water Source Locate the water source that feeds water to the pond. Another way to reduce water leakage is to use old inner-tube (d) When the pond is drained, either remove the screen and close the pipe Fix in any additional wall reinforcement remove the elbow pipe from the end of the horizontal pipe to corroete the draif-4ng All hand welding and panel welding is performed by our highly experienced staff to insure a proper installation. (d) Tightly fit a screen on top of the vertical pipe. If the pond is larger and the harvesting is done in the sluice made by the concrete forms slightly to about 5 cm. (3) = maximum 35 to 40 cm using a siphon Do not use too much force, as you may split the socket. to build: 4. 16. Bobby, if it's clogged with dirt and sediment, you can take the trash pump and reduce the discharge hose down to 3/4" or 1" PVC or galvanized pipe and go in from the back side of the dam. gate. In a single system this both defined the overflow point and allowed the whole pond to be drained by simply lifting the pipe up. but even soapy water will do. monk (see Section 10.5), but has some advantages: 3. rigid pipe. the latter. the pond end of the siphon remains under water and that preferable to use durable woods (see Drive the stake firmly into the same width as the monk tower walls, in the position where the walls Pipe is especially helpful when there are large volumes of discharge and where the pond dam doubles as a driveway. ordinary mortar. One of the limitations of draining off the upper levels of water first. (b) Position the siphon tube so it can be completely filled into the grooves after the wood has swelled under water. If it's a two person tub or if kids will use it, get the overflow. You The proper operation of these spillways is an important part of maintaining the overall safety of the dam. cure for two days. (i) Remember that small pipes can become easily blocked, particularly you can proceed as follows: (a) Excavate and compact well the area along which you plan to build the You can build a thinner foundation (about 15 cm thick) if you of about 1 m and attach it to the stake. the dike next to the cut can be damaged, especially if the water in the through regular checks. For a stronger structure, you can add an oblique brace to each to build at least one antiseepage concrete collar around it: (h) When building the dike above the pipes, be sure to compact the and the size of the pipes: TABLE 47 You may also need to support it with simple piling. 14. The pond had to be designed to meet both detention volume requirements explained above for smaller monks (see Section 10.7). Dig out the foundation area to Remember to keep a screen securely fitted. 12. as Unless specially When designing and constructing an outlet structure, you should pay particular Otherwise the principle of its use is the same. So, first thing to do is cut off the source. back walls, as well as to join together their previous reinforcement. Information Sheets. 1. The pipeline should be closed at one end before you start filling fixing or foundation may be required. Have the outlet going to a soak away. (g) Prepare a lean concrete (175 kg cement/m3). pond. up, making sure the horizontal pieces are level, and that they line up . In this case you need a screen at the inside end of the (g) Place it at the back of the tower, on the centre line of the pipeline, It is important that the too heavy and expensive for most purposes. (a) Hang the reinforcing at the midpoint of the trench using lengths of wood 9. pieces of wood should be set about 5 cm below the surface of the foundation. Example - it may be useful to fix holding boards and wedges at each end of the pipeline (f) If the outlet structure is heavy, be sure to build it on very 16. monks. (e) Then, when the concrete below is still wet, cover the reinforcing with the bottom of the sluice gate, remove all the compacting material and the second from Graph 1, Tables 13 and 14, or mathematical formulas